answers: 59

  1. Alexey
    05.12.2012

    interesting information, it turns out to be much more complicated than I thought until today. Thank you for your work Arkady!

    Reply

    • Arkady Shapoval
      05.12.2012

      It's my pleasure

      Reply

  2. Igor
    05.12.2012

    Hello,
    Thanks for the interesting article!
    The only IMHO when shooting is better to sharpen the entire detail, I want to consider not only its part

    Reply

    • Arkady Shapoval
      05.12.2012

      ok, we’ll close the diaphragm harder.

      Reply

  3. Alexander
    05.12.2012

    Hello, Arkady, I sympathize with the breakdown of your D700, what happened to him?

    Reply

    • Arkady Shapoval
      05.12.2012

      The mirror control mechanism has broken.

      Reply

      • Alexander
        05.12.2012

        I hope that it will be possible to repair quickly and cheaply, creative success to you and thanks for the excellent articles

        Reply

      • Arkady Shapoval
        05.12.2012

        Repair turned out to be expensive and very long.

        Reply

      • Anatoly
        05.12.2012

        So it prompted you and prompted this review to be done.
        Cognitive, thank you.

        Reply

      • Arkady Shapoval
        05.12.2012

        Yes, the bad also has a lot of good :)

        Reply

  4. Siberian
    05.12.2012

    Informative!
    “The secondary mirror in the back is covered in black plastic, like the rest of the primary mirror. In the raised position, such a system does not allow light coming from the optical viewfinder in the opposite direction. ” So stray light through the viewfinder is a myth? I mean that in the internet there are tips that when shooting with a tripod, especially at long exposures, it is better to cover the viewfinder.

    Reply

    • Arkady Shapoval
      05.12.2012

      When shooting with a tripod, the exposure metering is incorrect, since the light from the eyepiece affects the measurement, therefore there is a special shutter for the eyepiece for this. My d700 has a special aperture for the eyepiece.

      Reply

      • Siberian
        05.12.2012

        Logically, I didn’t think about exposure metering, since I almost always look at the eyepiece with a tripod and it turns out to be covered. Although of course the situations in the shooting are different.
        The tips for “closing the eyepiece” were all about long exposure exposure. In particular, this is often found in articles on infrared photography and shooting “frozen” water and sky.

        Reply

    • Eugene
      06.01.2013

      all the same, in practice, parasitic light from the realm of myths.
      I explain why so with examples.

      when shooting handheld through the viewfinder (VI) it is clear that we valiantly obscure the light by ourselves.
      when shooting with a tripod during the day, the sun from the VI side - again we block the light with ourselves, the rest will not play a significant role.
      when shooting with a tripod during the day, the sun from the side of the lens - all the more light will not get into the VI (exception - you reflect sunlight in a snow-white T-shirt)
      shooting from a tripod in the evening and generally in low light - where the difference in shutter speed is measured in seconds, talking about the influence of light is generally ridiculous.
      I'm not talking about the night - exposure metering is generally useless, and shooting parameters can be set by eye +/- for a few minutes.

      Cases when I HAD to make the camera seriously make a mistake with shutter speed (at least three stops, initially the bright areas were irrevocably illuminated):
      - light reflection in the VI with foil and white glossy paper, a laminated badge (which turned out to be at hand)
      - LED flashlight purposefully shone in the VI (4 diodes with 10 cm)
      - shooting from a tripod, the lens is aimed at the ground, the weather is sunny (less critical case, lightroom extended the overall overexposure almost without loss)

      Conclusion - in the general case, the effect is microscopic, but it is better to protect it from the obviously strong VI light, although closing the shutter tightly is also too much.

      Reply

  5. VALENTINE
    05.12.2012

    I think that the CZK will die out like dinosaurs or mammoths, giving way to mirrorless mirrors with interchangeable optics. PENTAX K-01 is an example.

    Reply

    • Alexander
      05.12.2012

      not sure about your words, since mirrorless cameras have a completely different focusing system, much less accurate and slower

      Reply

      • Siberian
        05.12.2012

        Sony now has the SLT line. There are certainly many shortcomings, but technology does not stand still. I think this is a more promising direction for professional cameras, although for many NEX mirrorless enthusiasts they cover all needs.

        Reply

      • Arkady Shapoval
        05.12.2012

        SLT is another matter.

        Reply

      • Siberian
        05.12.2012

        I put my comment in a slightly wrong place :). In general, I wanted to say that the Central Concert Hall will not die out like mammoths, they mutate, yes, but they will not die out :). Although in 20-30 years ...

        Reply

      • Arkady Shapoval
        05.12.2012

        We will see. Everything is changing very quickly.

        Reply

      • Andrei
        21.01.2013

        A bit wrong - in mirrorless cameras, focusing is more accurate, there is no such insanity as back focus and front focus. But the focusing speed is lower today, but phase sensors are already built into the matrix, so the speed will be exactly the same

        Reply

  6. Alex de Kairoy
    05.12.2012

    good article, Arkash, thanks.

    Reply

    • Arkady Shapoval
      05.12.2012

      It's my pleasure :)

      Reply

  7. Kostya
    05.12.2012

    Dyakoy for a garnish article. I’m talking to Vipadkovo myself, having shown a Dodatkovo mirror and not knowing why.

    Reply

  8. Gene jb
    07.12.2012

    I think that over time, phase focusing will be built right into the matrix and there will be a mirrorless with phase focus. Yes, a lot of things can be built into the matrix. There are two-layer matrices with a wide DD. or foveon. I used it like a Canon sx20, so watching the TV through the viewfinder is not very pleasant.
    As for covering the viewfinder at long exposures - yes, my screen does not turn off and the exposure metering is lying. you need to either turn off the screen or close the viewfinder. but usually, of course, I shoot on M and it doesn't matter what the metering shows there.

    Reply

  9. Gene jb
    07.12.2012

    Wikipedia quote: Phase autofocus
    The principle of phase autofocus (patent).

    Phase autofocus is used in modern SLRs and some compact digital cameras. Its main element is special sensors, the number of which in professional models can reach several tens. Sensors in the DSLR receive fragments of the light flux from different points of the frame using special mirrors. Also, phase detection autofocus sensors can be built directly into the matrix of a digital camera (Fujifilm Hybrid Focus technology) [1].

    Reply

    • Alexander
      07.12.2012

      Thanks for the information, I didn’t know this, but the plus to the DSLRs is their large size and weight, it’s easier to get rid of the shake

      Reply

      • Gene jb
        08.12.2012

        vice versa harder. the mirror rattles when shooting.

        Reply

  10. levani
    09.02.2013

    on my d40 the mirror claps so much that it’s scary)))

    Reply

  11. Anna
    17.02.2013

    Thank you very much!

    Reply

  12. Paul
    02.07.2013

    Thank you so much for the information. I did not know how the focus occurs. I have a D300 and I used to think that to focus from a camera to an object, the distance is measured (by ultrasound or infrared rays) and then the motor (invert) rotates the focus on the lens to the desired value depending on the distance. And the principle of focusing in contrast, I can not even imagine how it happens.

    Reply

  13. Kiba
    21.11.2013

    Arkady, tell me, on what run did the mirror mechanism die?

    Reply

  14. Alex
    18.01.2014

    An additional advantage of DSLRs, in my opinion, is that the matrix in the normal mode is idle for most of the time, therefore it heats up less, and therefore the thermal component of the noise decreases.
    In the mirrorless matrix, the matrix works constantly.
    Given the pixel density of modern matrices, this can significantly degrade image quality, which, in turn, will require more sophisticated noise removal algorithms.

    Reply

  15. Anatoly
    09.03.2014

    Just a miracle article. Especially for me - a techie.

    Reply

  16. Vladislav
    17.02.2015

    "Modern CZK have a slightly different principle of operation than old film SLR cameras."

    Not very old film cameras with phase AF also have an additional mirror (for example, I have a Nikon F80 film camera) :-)

    Reply

  17. Alexander
    18.01.2016

    Arkady hello.
    How much I read about SLR and mirrorless cameras (I use NIKON D610). I can’t understand why in a modern camera MIRROR ?!
    After all, you can immediately display the image from the matrix in the viewfinder. Why is this mechanism needed?
    Or a fashion tribute to PROF level? Then in budgets why a mirror?

    Reply

    • Jury
      18.01.2016

      They do just that in mirrorless cameras, only the viewfinder is no longer optical, but electronic, different focusing, energy consumption, etc. This is another class of devices that occupy their niche in the market. Help article https://radojuva.com.ua/2015/11/ovi-i-evi-ovf-and-evf/

      Reply

      • Alexander
        18.01.2016

        Thank you Yuri

        Reply

  18. Alexey
    15.03.2016

    Hello, an additional mirror does not rise on Canon 1200D? What is the reason?

    Reply

    • anonym
      15.03.2016

      Baba Vanga will be in touch soon ...

      Reply

  19. Dana Furniture
    01.02.2017

    Focus points and systems for Canon EOS cameras. Phase focusing system for modern digital SLR cameras. You can see about the structure of the mirror in the section 'Nuances of the structure of the mirror in modern CZK'.

    Reply

  20. Andrei
    17.07.2017

    I haven’t read all the comments, but I’ll tell you about the myth of the viewfinder, it’s enough to take apart this thing once to understand that it’s not how it cannot affect the metering)))) the sensors are installed so that they can catch backlight only if it is purposefully illuminated by a searchlight

    Reply

  21. Igor
    28.09.2017

    Arkady, good afternoon! I take this opportunity to design you as a professional with a mirror for experiments. I’m in the USA right now, I bought a D200 in perfect condition on ebay, it was sold as not working or for spare parts, it turned out there was simply no battery, but I had no time to get it, I shot 642 frames, I bought it for $ 53. The device was stored without a front cover and a mirror slightly dusty, does not affect the image in the viewfinder, nor does it affect the quality of the photo. The network has a lot of information about cleaning the sensor, but little and it is contradictory about the cleaning of the mirror. If it does not, tell me. how can I wipe the mirror and is it worth it? Sincerely, Igor

    Reply

  22. Konstantin
    04.11.2020

    I have a problem, back focus. Canon 650D. It seems from the moment of purchase. This shortcoming seemed to not immediately notice, I am an amateur and sinned on kit 18-55. And when gradually my requirements for photo quality began to increase, I bought a fix 50mm stm. Here Also, the sharpness was not perfect. I checked on the “target” and made sure of the lack of a camera. The warranty passed. The service, for just picking up the carcass, immediately invoices 3000 rubles plus repairs. I think my hands are growing from that place. I want fix this jamb myself. I haven’t decided yet where to go: move the phase sensors closer, or the matrix half a screw further. Who has experience, tell me.

    Reply

    • Ivan
      04.11.2020

      With this approach, you will finally break the camera.

      Reply

    • Arkady Shapoval
      04.11.2020

      Find another service, do not climb yourself

      Reply

    • BB
      04.11.2020

      If your arms are straight and not scary, then you can. Personally, on Nikon D5100, I tightened the AF sensor adjusting screws (for me, it's not so bad as skewing the sensor). I twisted all three screws by the same number of revolutions, the first time there was a 'flight', I turned it back, it became good. I checked it with two lenses 50 / 1.4 and 58 / 2.0 (I took 50 / 1.4 from a friend) After this, everything worked well, back / front was not observed on other optics

      Reply

      • Ivan
        04.11.2020

        You at least know that there is an autofocus sensor. Konstantin wrote about phase sensors in general.

        Reply

      • BB
        04.11.2020

        Um, maybe I don’t understand something, but the AF module is the phase sensors (fixed, roughly speaking, on one plate that has the ability to 'adjust' the position). When I climbed into the camera, I also had only a general idea ... If a person wants to try, let him try at his own peril and risk. In principle, with straight hands to completely ditch the apparatus - it still needs to be tried.

        Reply

      • Ivan
        04.11.2020

        Here's a typical DLC AF sensor (in this case, a Canon EOS 50D):

        Reply

      • Ivan
        04.11.2020

        And this is what's inside (a single photosensitive design):

        Reply

      • Ivan
        04.11.2020

        I can't say about Canon, but in Nikon's service manual, the AF sensor is not adjusted in its seat. Only the system of mirrors and the position of the matrix relative to the bayonet are regulated.

        Reply

      • Michael
        04.11.2020

        The EOS300D was precisely regulated, even in the instructions like recommendations were. What's on the new ones - I don’t know

        Reply

      • Ivan
        04.11.2020

        See the correspondence below, I have already admitted my mistake.

        Reply

      • BB
        04.11.2020

        ... and the local 'service' (in a city of a million inhabitants) for adjusting the front / back focus then broke some bad sum, and without giving a guarantee that it would be better. Of. there is no Nikon service in the city. I send it to another city to clean the matrix altogether - even taking into account the delivery, it comes out cheaper than from the locals (and again from the locals without narantia, which will be better after cleaning).
        In Ukraine, I can recommend the 'Photoparts' service in Nikolaev - they do it efficiently, relatively quickly and at an adequate price. I repaired their camcorder and lens, cleaned the matrices of cameras.

        Reply

      • Ivan
        04.11.2020

        And this is from the service manual for your D5100. It says to tighten three screws, but not hard, and then each

        Reply

      • Ivan
        04.11.2020

        turn back two turns:

        Reply

      • BB
        04.11.2020

        I no longer remember where I was twisting, but I did not completely twist, and I twisted all three the same way. The position of the sensor is just adjustable, and this is easier to do than twisting the eccentrics of the mirrors, and even more so 'knocking down' the plane of the matrix relative to the optical axis, there is much less chance of screwing up something

        Reply

      • Ivan
        04.11.2020

        Yes, you're right, I've already forgotten about this AF sensor adjustment. Indeed, its position is adjusted with three screws (like the matrix). And what I described earlier is the manipulations when assembling the camera and installing the AF sensor. Here's an example of how this is done on the D90:
        http://libraphoto.com/blog/wedding-blog/Nikon-D90-Inspection-and-Adjustment-program.html

        Reply

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